|
Timely Comics, initially Timely Publications, was the earliest comic book arm of American publisher Martin Goodman, and the entity that would evolve by the 1960s to become Marvel Comics.〔 "Timely Publications became the name under which Goodman first published a comic book line. He eventually created a number of companies to publish comics ... but Timely was the name by which Goodman's Golden Age comics were known." "Marvel wasn't always Marvel; in the early 1940s the company was known as Timely Comics, and some covers bore this shield." (See infobox at top of article)〕〔("Marvel : Timely Publications (Indicia Publisher)" ) at the Grand Comics Database. "This is the original business name under which Martin Goodman began publishing comics in 1939. It was used on all issues up to and including those cover-dated March 1941 or Winter 1940–1941, spanning the period from ''Marvel Comics'' #1 to ''Captain America Comics'' #1. It was replaced by Timely Comics, Inc. starting with all issues cover-dated April 1941 or Spring 1941."〕 During this era, called the Golden Age of comic books, "Timely" was the umbrella name for the comics division of pulp magazine publisher Goodman, whose business strategy involved having a multitude of corporate entities all producing the same product.〔 The company was founded in 1939 as Timely Publications,〔Postal indicia in issue, per (''Marvel Comics'' #1 [1st printing] (October 1939) ) at the Grand Comics Database: "Vol.1, No.1, MARVEL COMICS, Oct., 1939 Published monthly by Timely Publications, ... Art and editorial by Funnies Incorporated..."〕〔Per statement of ownership, dated October 2, 1939, published in ''Marvel Mystery Comics'' #4 (Feb. 1940), p. 40; reprinted in ''Marvel Masterworks: Golden Age Marvel Comics'' Volume 1 (Marvel Comics, 2004, ISBN 0-7851-1609-5, ISBN 978-0-7851-1609-7), p. 239〕 based at his existing company in the McGraw-Hill Building at 330 West 42nd Street in New York City. In 1942, it moved to the 14th floor of the Empire State Building, where it remained until 1951. ==Creation== In 1939, with the emerging medium of comic books proving hugely popular, and the first superheroes setting the trend, pulp-magazine publisher Martin Goodman founded Timely Publications, basing it at his existing company. Goodman – whose official titles were editor, managing editor, and business manager, with Abraham Goodman officially listed as publisher〔 – contracted with the newly formed comic-book "packager" Funnies, Inc. to supply material.〔 His first effort, ''Marvel Comics'' #1 (Oct. 1939), featured the first appearances of writer-artist Carl Burgos' android superhero, the Human Torch, and Paul Gustavson's costumed detective the Angel. As well, it contained the published appearance of Bill Everett's anti-hero Namor the Sub-Mariner, created for the unpublished movie-theater giveaway comic ''Motion Picture Funnies Weekly'' earlier that year, with the eight-page original story now expanded by four pages.〔 Also included were Al Anders' Western hero the Masked Raider; the jungle lord Ka-Zar the Great,〔Unrelated to the Marvel Comics jungle lord Ka-Zar introduced in ''The X-Men'' #10 (March 1965)〕 with Ben Thompson adapting the story "King of Fang and Claw" by Bob Byrd in Goodman's eponymous pulp magazine ''Ka-Zar'' #1 (Oct. 1936);〔(Ka-Zar ) at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. (Archived ) from the original on November 27, 2014.〕 the non-continuing-character story "Jungle Terror", featuring adventurer Ken Masters, drawn and possibly written by Art Pinajian under the quirky pseudonym "Tohm Dixon" or "Tomm Dixon" (with the published signature smudged); "Now I'll Tell One", five single-panel, black-and-white gag cartoons by Fred Schwab, on the inside front cover; and a two-page prose story by Ray Gill, "Burning Rubber", about auto racing. A painted cover by veteran science-fiction pulp artist Frank R. Paul featured the Human Torch, looking much different from the interior story.〔(''Marvel Comics'' #1 ) at the Grand Comics Database〕〔''Marvel Masterworks: Golden Age Marvel Comics''. The smudged Dixon signature is reprinted on page 46.〕 That initial comic, cover-dated October 1939, quickly sold out 80,000 copies, prompting Goodman to produce a second printing, cover-dated November 1939. The latter is identical except for a black bar over the October date in the inside-front-cover indicia, and the November date added at the end.〔 That sold approximately 800,000 copies.〔Per researcher Keif Fromm, ''Alter Ego'' #49, p. 4 (caption)〕 With a hit on his hands, Goodman began assembling an in-house staff, hiring Funnies, Inc. writer-artist Joe Simon as editor. Simon brought along his collaborator, artist Jack Kirby, followed by artist Syd Shores. Goodman then formed Timely Comics, Inc., beginning with comics cover-dated April 1941 or Spring 1941.〔 There is evidence that "Red Circle Comics" – a name that would be used for an unrelated imprint of Archie Comics in the 1970s and 1980s – may have been a term in use as Goodman prepared to publish his first comic book. Historian Les Daniels, referring to Goodman's pulp-magazine line, describes the name Red Circle as "a halfhearted attempt to establish an identity for what was usually described loosely as 'the Goodman group' () when a new logo was adopted: a red disk surrounded by a black ring that bore the phrase 'A Red Circle Magazine.' But it appeared only intermittently, when someone remembered to put it on (pulp magazine's ) cover.〔Daniels, ''Marvel: Five Fabulous Decades of the World's Greatest Comics'', p. 21〕 Historian Jess Nevins, conversely, writes that, "Timely Publications (how ) Goodman's group (companies ) had become known; before this, it was known as 'Red Circle' because of the logo that Goodman had put on his pulp magazines...." The Grand Comics Database identifies 23 issues of Goodman comic books from 1944 to 1959 with Red Circle, Inc. branding,〔(Marvel : Red Circle Magazines, Inc. (Indicia / Colophon Publisher) ) at the Grand Comics Database.〕 and a single 1948 issue under Red Circle Magazines Corp.〔(Marvel : Red Circle Magazines Corp. (Indicia / Colophon Publisher) ) at the Grand Comics Database.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Timely Comics」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|